From detection to impact: Analytical perspectives on microplastics from surface waters to the atmosphere

Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Germany

 

Title: Polymer-specific microplastics analysis using Pyrolysis–GC–MS: Opportunities and analytical challenges

 

Abstract: Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are widely distributed across environmental systems and are increasingly recognised for their potential influence on biogeochemical processes. However, understanding their environmental relevance requires reliable analytical approaches for polymer-specific identification and quantification. This talk introduces the importance of studying MNPs and provides an overview of commonly applied analytical techniques, highlighting their strengths and limitations. The presentation focuses on pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) as a mass-based method for microplastics characterisation. Key analytical challenges, including contamination control, interferences, and uncertainties related to polymer, will be discussed. Additionally, environmental case studies will demonstrate the application of the technique across contrasting sample types, followed by perspectives on improving analytical reliability in MNPs research.

 

University of Siena, Italy

 

Title: Plastic in the biogeochemistry of the ocean

 

Abstract: Microplastics pervade marine habitats, impacting biogeochemical cycling and trophic ecology by offering surfaces for microbial growth that alter carbon and nutrient dynamics. Despite rising ocean concentrations, their effects on organic matter transformation and residence times remain unclear, with biofouling likely explaining "missing" surface plastics. This talk examines microplastics' role in microbial organic matter processing and vertical particle transport, via lab microcosms, a large-scale mesocosm, and in situ sediment traps. Findings reveal plastics' influence on ocean carbon biogeochemistry, highlighting research gaps for a changing ocean and areas of intervention where collaborative efforts shall be directed.